Sagot :
Answer: The correct answer is Option 4.
Explanation:
Nuclear reaction is defined as the reaction in which change in nucleus takes place.
From the given options:
Option 1: Condensation
Condensation is defined as a physical process in which gaseous particles changes to liquid particles by decreasing temperature. No change in nucleus takes place.
Option 2: Vaporization
Vaporization is defined as a physical process in which liquid particles changes to gaseous particles by increasing temperature. No change in nucleus takes place.
Option 3: Single displacement reaction
Single displacement reaction is defined as the chemical reaction in which more reactive element displaces the less reactive element. No change in nucleus takes place.
Option 4: Natural transmutation
Natural transmutation is defined as the process as the conversion of one element into another element. An element is defined by its number of protons that is atomic number. If this process occurs anywhere, number of protons or neutrons is changed. Thus, this process will change in the nucleus.
Hence, the correct answer is Option 4.
[tex]\boxed{(4)\text{Natural transmutation}}[/tex] represents a type of nuclear reaction.
Further Explanation:
A nuclear reaction is a term defined when there is a conversion of one nuclide into another. In this reaction, change in the nucleus of an atom is observed. When two nuclei and a subatomic particle undergo collision with each other and new nuclides are produced, nuclear reaction is said to take place. The interaction between the cosmic rays and matter is an example of natural nuclear reaction.
(1) Condensation
It is defined as the process by which a substance gets converted from its gaseous state to the liquid one. Changes in pressure and temperature are made in order to condense a substance. The dew that is observed on the green grass in the early morning is a natural example of the condensation process.
(2) Vaporization
It is a process of conversion of a substance from its liquid state to the gaseous or vapor state. It is also known as evaporation. It is a surface phenomenon. The recovery of salt from seawater is an example of vaporization in day to day life.
(3) Single replacement
It is a type of chemical reaction in which a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element. It is also known as a single displacement reaction. A general single-replacement is described as follows:
[tex]\text{A+BC}\rightarrow\text{AC}+\text{B}[/tex]
Here, A being more reactive displaces B from the compound BC and as a result, AC is formed.
(4) Natural transmutation
It is the process by which one element gets converted to another one. It usually takes place in unstable, radioactive elements that keep on decaying into several elements until a stable element is produced. Since transmutation brings about a change in the atomic nuclei, it is considered as a nuclear reaction.
Learn more:
- What nuclide will be produced in the given reaction? https://brainly.com/question/3433940
- Calculate the nuclear binding energy: https://brainly.com/question/5822604
Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Chapter: Nuclear chemistry
Subject: Chemistry
Keywords: nuclear reaction, natural transmutation, condensation, vaporization, evaporation, single replacement, single displacement, A, B, AC, BC, surface phenomenon, atomic nuclei, unstable, radioactive.