Well a positive for "modernization", better worded as "westernization" would be that their economies would flourish, their wouldn't be as many rouge extremist organizations running around. But a major downside to this, which is why we are currently in the middle of a "war on terror" with them is because they don't want us there, they don't want to "westernize". They believe that it would violate their beliefs and islamist traditions, which it certainly would.
