The correct answer is Option D) All of the Above.
The Europeans able to carve up almost the entire continent of Africa because they had superior weapons, better transportation networks and better communication networks.
In a nutshell, they were technologically more advanced and were able to overpower all local resistance.
Africa was seen as the last frontier in the race to control resources. The French and the Belgians were able to make large gains in Africa but it was the British who was the largest holders of land in Africa and were able to connect Cairo in Egypt, all the way to Cape Town in South Africa.
