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so you know that   Oxygen. A, number of protons and neutrons=16 and Z, number of protons=8

so...you find the amount of neutrons a-z=n

16-8=n

16-8=8

then for oxygen A number of protons and neutrons,=18,Z,number of neutrons=8

so....18-8=N

18-8=10

so the difference is in the number of there neutrons, and the main reason of them being a isotope.
Isotope atoms mean, atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons in their nuclei . The given oxygen atoms are isotopes meaning they have different number of neutrons in their nuclei . Oxygen 16 have 8 protons and 8 neutrons in its nucleus but Oxygen has 8 protons and 10 neutrons. That's what make them different.

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