6. The diagram on the right shows the cross-section of a cylindrical pipe with water lying in the bottom. a) If the maximum depth of the water is 2 cm and the radius of the pipe is 7 cm, find the area shaded. b) What is the volume of water in a length of 30 cm?

Let's Draw a line from the center of the circle to one of the ends of the chord (water surface) and another to the point at greatest depth on your paper. A right-angled triangle is formed too. The Length of side to the water-surface is 5 cm, the hospot is 7 cm.

We Calculate the angle θ in the corner of the right-angled triangle by: cos θ = 5/7 ⇒ θ = cos ˉ¹ (5/7)

44.4°, so the angle subtended at the center of the circle by the water surface is roughly 88.8°

The area shaded will then be the area of the sector minus the area of the triangle above the water in your diagram.

Shaded area 88.8/360*area of circle - ½*7*788.8°

= 88.8/360*π*7² - 24.5*sin 88.8°

13.5 cm²

(using area of ∆ = ½.a.b.sin C for the triangle)

Volume of water = cross-sectional area * length

13.5 * 30 cm³

404 cm³